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Courts of the Ninth Circuit Courts of the Ninth Circuit Courts of the Ninth Circuit
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4. Agency
  • 4.0 Introductory Comment
  • 4.1 Corporations and Partnerships—Fair Treatment
  • 4.2 Liability of Corporations—Scope of Authority Not in Issue
  • 4.3 Liability of Partnerships—Scope of Authority Not in Issue
  • 4.4 Agent and Principal—Definition
  • 4.5 Agent—Scope of Authority Defined
  • 4.6 Apparent Agency
  • 4.7 Ratification
  • 4.8 Act of Agent is Act of Principal—Scope of Authority Not in Issue
  • 4.9 Both Principal and Agent Sued—No Issue as to Agency or Authority
  • 4.10 Principal Sued but Not Agent—No Issue as to Agency or Authority
  • 4.11 Both Principal and Agent Sued—Agency or Authority Denied
  • 4.12 Principal Sued but Not Agent—Agency or Authority Denied
  • 4.13 Adverse Interest Exception
  • 4.14 Independent Contractor—Definition
  • 4.15 General Partnership—Definition
  • 4.16 General Partnership—Scope of Partnership Business Defined
  • 4.17 General Partnership—Act of Partner is Act of All Partners
  • 4.18 General Partnership—Liability of Partner—No Issue as to Partnership, Agency, or Scope of Authority
  • 4.19 Partnership—Existence Admitted—Scope of Partnership Business in Issue—Effect
  • 4.20 Partnership—Existence of Partnership in Issue—Effect
  1. Home
  2. Jury instructions
  3. Civil
  4. Chapter 4
  5. Introductory Comment

4.0 Introductory Comment

This chapter contains generic instructions. Modifications may be necessary to conform to state law applicable to any specific case.

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Last updated August 15, 2026
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